Archaeological Research at Habitation Loyola, French Guiana
Archaeological Research at Habitation Loyola, French Guiana
This chapter discusses the results of excavations at Loyola, an habitation or plantation in French Guiana (1668–1768). Founded and run by members of the Jesuit order, sugar, coffee, manioc, indigo, and other crops were grown at Loyola, and the resulting profits supported Jesuit missions amongst Amerindian communities in the region. A brief history of the settlement of French Guiana and the establishment of Loyola is provided, followed by a discussion of the many structures excavated at the site since the 1990s. Specialized analysis on artifacts found at the habitation include archaeometallurgy as well as studies of ceramics imported from France and the local poterie sucrière produced on site. The unique and privileged role of the Jesuits in the local community and the regional economy is examined.
Keywords: habitation, Jesuit, French Guiana, archaeometallury, Poterie sucrière, Loyola
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